Level of Legal Awareness on Bullying and Oral Defamation Among Residents of Barangay Poblacion, Alilem, Ilocos Sur: Basis for a Community Education Program

Abstract

This study determined the level of legal awareness on bullying and oral defamation among residents of Barangay Poblacion, Alilem, Ilocos Sur and used the findings as a basis for a proposed community education program. Specifically, the study assessed respondents’ awareness of common behaviors such as teasing, spreading rumors, public humiliation, joking insults, and whether these are recognized as punishable acts under existing laws. The study was anchored on legal awareness and legal literacy concepts which emphasize the importance of understanding laws in promoting responsible social behavior. A descriptive quantitative research design was employed involving thirty (30) residents selected through convenience sampling. Data were gathered using a structured questionnaire composed of demographic information and a legal awareness assessment measured through a four-point Likert scale. Frequency, percentage, and weighted mean were utilized to analyze the data. Findings revealed that respondents were generally only slightly aware of bullying and oral defamation. While some respondents recognized that bullying can cause psychological harm, many failed to identify teasing, spreading rumors, public humiliation, insulting remarks, jokes, and name-calling as behaviors that may already constitute punishable acts under Republic Act No. 10627 and the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines. The study concluded that there is a gap between legal provisions and community practices, resulting in the normalization of harmful behaviors due to limited legal awareness. Consequently, the study recommended the implementation of a structured community education program, barangay seminars, information drives, and the distribution of Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) materials to improve legal literacy and promote responsible communication among residents. The study aligns with SDG 4 – Quality Education and SDG 16 – Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions by promoting legal awareness, responsible citizenship, and peaceful community relationships. The findings contribute to social and community sustainability by encouraging respectful communication, reducing harmful social behavior, and strengthening legal and civic responsibility within the community.