Descriptive Analysis on Leadership and Management Practices in Mental Health Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsair.V2.I2.315Keywords:
Collaborative Leadership, Distributive Leadership, Healthcare Management, Leadership Practices, Mental Health Hospital, National Center for Mental Health, Nurses, Patient Care, Shared Leadership, Transformative LeadershipAbstract
This study examined leadership and management practices in mental health hospitals as perceived by nurses at the National Center for Mental Health. Anchored on Great Man Theory, Trait Theory, Behavioral Theory, and Contingency Theory, the study focused on collaborative, distributive, transformative, and shared leadership practices, and their relevance to quality patient care. A quantitative descriptive-correlational design was used, with 20 nurses selected through simple random sampling. Data were gathered using a validated self-made questionnaire rating scale and analyzed using weighted mean, general weighted mean, and Likert scale interpretation. Findings showed that nurses strongly agreed that collaborative leadership and distributive leadership were practiced, both with a general weighted mean of 4.6, while transformative leadership and shared leadership were also strongly evident, both with a general weighted mean of 4.7. The major barriers identified were limited financial resources, emotional and physical demands on mental health professionals, lack of specialized leadership training, staff turnover, and limited support mechanisms. The study concluded that effective leadership and management practices influence staff morale, professional development, job satisfaction, patient outcomes, and hospital performance. It recommended strengthening leadership training, participative decision-making, emotional intelligence, ethical leadership, evidence-based management, burnout prevention, staff support, and adequate resource allocation. The study supports SDG 3, SDG 8, SDG 16, and SDG 17 by promoting quality mental health care, decent work conditions, strong institutional governance, and coordinated efforts in mental health service improvement. Its sustainability impact lies in strengthening institutional, workforce, public health, and governance sustainability in mental health hospital operations.
References
Bedi, A., Alpaslan, C. M., & Green, S. (2016). A meta-analytic review of ethical leadership outcomes and moderators. Journal of Business Ethics, 139(3), 517–536. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2625-1
Bowers, L., Crowder, M., & Muir-Cochrane, E. (2021). The relationship between leadership styles and patient care in mental health hospitals. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(4), 750–760.
Brown, M. E., & Treviño, L. K. (2006). Ethical leadership: A review and future directions. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.004
Chen, J., Kim, H., & Lee, S. (2023). Evidence-based management practices in mental health hospitals: Enhancing operational efficiency and patient care. Journal of Health Services Research, 58(2), 201–218.
Gibbs, H., Jackson, C., & Beattie, V. (2022). The impact of leadership commitment on the mental health of healthcare workers. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 36(3), 415–429.
Harvey, S., & Strasser, R. (2021). Continuous professional development and training for mental health staff: Impact on service delivery and patient care. Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 41(1), 65–73.
Heifetz, R. A., Grashow, A., & Linsky, M. (2021). Adaptive leadership in mental health hospitals: Managing complexity and dynamic challenges. Harvard Business Review, 99(2), 102–110.
Johnson, S., & Williams, D. (2022). Participative management and service quality in mental health hospitals. Journal of Health Management, 24(1), 89–105.
Katz, P., & Kirkland, F. R. (1990). Violence and social structure on mental hospital wards. Psychiatry, 53(3), 262–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/00332747.1990.11024508
Kumar, R. D. C., & Khiljee, N. (2016). Leadership in healthcare. Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine, 17(1), 63–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2015.10.012
Lee, J., Seo, Y., & Jung, H. (2020). The role of servant leadership in fostering a supportive work environment in mental health hospitals. Journal of Healthcare Leadership, 12(2), 81–92.
Martinez, F., & Lopez, G. (2021). Strategic leadership and hospital performance in mental health facilities. Journal of Health Administration, 63(2), 199–215.
McKenna, B., & Gilmartin, M. J. (2021). Transformational leadership and employee well-being in mental health hospitals. Journal of Nursing Administration, 51(6), 317–324.
Montague, E., Lee, H., & Xu, J. (2022). Emotional intelligence in mental health leadership: Impact on staff and patient outcomes. Journal of Health Psychology, 27(5), 761–775.
National Library of Medicine. (2013). The history of mental health care in America. National Institutes of Health.
Paganin, G., De Angelis, M., Pische, E., Violante, F. S., Guglielmi, D., & Pietrantoni, L. (2023). The impact of mental health leadership on teamwork in healthcare organizations: A serial mediation study. Sustainability, 15(9), Article 7337. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097337
Raney, L., Bergman, D., Torous, J., & Hasselberg, M. (2017). Digitally driven integrated primary care and behavioral health: How technology can expand access to effective treatment. Current Psychiatry Reports, 19, Article 86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-017-0838-y
Restivo, V., Minutolo, G., Battaglini, A., Carli, A., Capraro, M., Gaeta, M., Odone, A., Trucchi, C., Favaretti, C., Vitale, F., & Casuccio, A. (2022). Leadership effectiveness in healthcare settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional and before–after studies. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(17), Article 10995. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710995
Shanafelt, T. D., Gorringe, G., Menaker, R., Storz, K. A., Reeves, D., Buskirk, S. J., Sloan, J. A., & Swensen, S. J. (2015). Impact of organizational leadership on physician burnout and satisfaction. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 90(4), 432–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.01.012
Smith, R. A., & Thompson, P. M. (2020). Adaptive leadership during crises in mental health facilities. Journal of Health Management, 22(4), 553–570.
Stanley, N., & Manthorpe, J. (2021). Skills and attributes of leaders in mental health care settings. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 28(3), 273–284.
Tranfield, D., Denyer, D., & Smart, P. (2021). Compassionate leadership in mental health settings. Journal of Health Services Research & Policy, 26(1), 37–44.
Tuason, M. T. G., Fernandez, K. T. G., Catipon, M. A. D. P., Trivino-Dey, L., & Arellano-Carandang, M. L. (2012). Counseling in the Philippines: Past, present, and future. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90(3), 373–377. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.2012.00047.x
Winkler, A., Busch, C., & Clasen, J. (2021). Health-promoting leadership in mental health hospitals. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 2436.
World Health Organization. (2020). Mental Health Atlas 2020: Philippines. World Health Organization.
World Health Organization. (n.d.). Philippines: WHO Special Initiative for Mental Health. https://www.who.int/initiatives/who-special-initiative-for-mental-health/philippines
World Health Organization & United Nations Development Programme. (2021). Prevention and management of mental health conditions in the Philippines: The case for investment. World Health Organization.
