Teachers’ Learning and Development: Its Influence on the Achievement Test of Learners
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsair.V2.I2.192Keywords:
Learning Development, National Achievement Test, Professional GrowthAbstract
The goal of this study was to find out how teacher learning development affected the performance of Grade 6 students on the National Achievement Test during the school year. It specifically looked at how teacher professional growth in advanced studies, seminars and trainings, research engagement, membership in professional organizations, and subscription to learning resources was related to how well students did on the National Achievement Test. A descriptive-correlational research design was utilized, collecting data from Grade 6 instructors to examine the potential influence of these developmental variables on student achievement.
The results showed that teachers had a very positive view of professional development. Respondents said that seminars and trainings were an excellent and directly useful foundation, that they were actively involved in research, and that they valued being members of professional organizations. Most importantly, teachers felt very well-supported by the learning materials they were given. The strong professional environment led to good results for students, as shown by the National Achievement Test scores, where all students passed and most got a "Strong" score and the rest got a "Developing" score. This shows that they have a good base for further academic growth.
However, correlation analysis showed that there was no strong link between any of the five areas of teacher development and how well students did on the National Achievement Test. The research determined that although educators participated in professional development activities, these elements did not have a direct impact on standardized test results. The recommendations included focusing on how to use professional learning in the classroom to help students learn specific skills that are tested on national exams, while keeping strong support from the school for teacher development.
References
Abatayo, M. M., Pantallano, E., & Gumacial, D. S. (2018). Constructs Embedded in the National Achievement Test Results of the Philippines. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR): https://doi.org/10.21275/ART20198164
Añar, L.A., V. Barroso, C. J. & Manlagaylay. M. P. (2023). The Performance of Basic Education Learners in the National Achievement Test. Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities, 6(9s), 1520–1535. Retrieved from https://jrtdd.com/index.php/journal/article/view/1931
Antonio, J. & Quirap, E. (2025). Teachers’ Professional Development Activities and Efficacy. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis: DOI: 10.47191/ijmra/v8-i04-15
Ayres, A. T. (2024). Getting Professional Development Right. https://www.edutopia.org/article/successful-professional-development-teachers/
Babatuan, J. M. D., Subong, A. R. A., & Yurango, C. P. (2025). Comparative Analysis of NAT Results Across Five Learning Areas among Buhangin East District Public Elementary Schools . Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences, 23(7), 62–67. https://doi.org/10.9734/arjass/2025/v23i7727
Bautista, F. (2021). Factors affecting the National Achievement Test performance of selected second year high school students in Santa Maria, Bulacan. Academia Journals: https://www.academia.edu/2028201/Factors_affecting_the_National_Achievement_Test_performance_of_selected_second_year_high_school_students_in_Santa_Maria_Bulacan
Baysal, Y. E. & Mutlu, F. (2021). The Effect of Professional Development Programs on Teachers' Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Science Teaching: A Meta-Analysis Study. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 8(4), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.33200/ijcer.828528
Benepass (2023). 8 Reasons You Should Invest in Professional Development Benefits. https://www.getbenepass.com/blog/benefits-of-professional-development
Branzuela, N., Nomoco, S., Doero, J. & Walab, A. (2023). Descriptive Analysis of the National Achievement Test of Primary and Secondary Students in Misamis Oriental, Philippines. Sci.Int.(Lahore),35(6),809-813. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sarah-Namoco/publication/364343682_NARRATIVE_INQUIRY_TO_UNDERSTAND_THE_NATIONAL_ACHIEVEMENT_TEST_OF_PRIMARY_AND_SECONDARY_SCHOOL_STUDENTS_IN_MISAMIS_ORIENTAL_PHILIPPINES/links/657fb4d4aff8b16813b3f2bb/NARRATIVE-INQUIRY-TO-UNDERSTAND-THE-NATIONAL-ACHIEVEMENT-TEST-OF-PRIMARY-AND-SECONDARY-SCHOOL-STUDENTS-IN-MISAMIS-ORIENTAL-PHILIPPINES.pdf
Cambridge Dictionary (2024). Attended Seminars. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/seminar
Cambridge Dictionary (2025). Advanced Study Definition. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/example/english/advanced-study
College of Contract Management (2024). What is Seminar: Definition, Purpose and Benefits Explained. https://www.uniccm.com/blog/what-is-seminar-definition-purpose-and-benefits-explained
Collins Dictionary (2025). Teaching Position. https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/teaching-position
Cope, W. (2025). Measuring Milestones: Evaluating Education Through the National Achievement Test. https://cgscholar.com/community/community_profiles/assessment-for-learning/community_updates/203518
Cuajao, J. (2024). National Achievement Test (NAT) Results and Academic Performance: A Comparative Analysis of Filipino Proficiency across Two Academic Years. EPH-International Journal of Humanities and Social Science: https://doi.org/10.53555/eijhss.v9i2.193
Cuyag, M., Silvestre, M. & Tandog, M. (2025). Assessing the Assessment: A Policy and Systematic Literature Review of Delays and Best Practices in the National Achievement Test (NAT) within the Framework of DepEd Order No. 29, s. 2017. GSJ: Volume 13, Issue 3. https://www.globalscientificjournal.com/researchpaper/Assessing_the_Assessment_A_Policy_and_Systematic_Literature_Review_of_Delays_and_Best_Practices_in_the_National_Achievement_Test_NAT_within_the_Framework_of_DepEd_Order_No_29_s_2017.pdf
Dartmouth Center for the Advancement of Learning (2025). Student Development. https://dcal.dartmouth.edu/resources/teaching-learning-foundations/student-development
Department of Education (2017). Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers. https://www.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/DO_s2017_042-1.pdf
Department of Education (2022). NEAP Core Programs. https://www.deped.gov.ph/about-neap/framework-for-professional-development/
Fitri, K. (2023). Professional Development Programs and Teachers’ Self-Efficacy: A Correlation. Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v11i2.2883
Fiveable. (2024, August 1). Professional Development Opportunities – Education Policy and Reform. https://fiveable.me/key-terms/education-policy-reform/professional-development-opportunities
Flint, J. (2024). The Importance of Professional Development in your Career. https://www.salford.ac.uk/spd/importance-professional-development-in-your-career
Ganti, A. (2024). What Is a Weighted Average? https://www.investopedia.com/terms/w/weightedaverage.asp
Glackin, K., & PowerSchool. (2025, March 20). The three most common types of teacher professional development and how to make them better. PowerSchool. https://www.powerschool.com/blog/the-three-most-common-types-of-teacher-professional-development-and-how-to-make-them-better/
Great Learning Editorial Team (2024). What is Professional development and its importance in 2024? https://www.mygreatlearning.com/blog/professional-development-how-to-meet-your-goals/#Importanceofprofessionaldevelopment
Gümüş, E., & Bellibaş, M. Ş. (2021). The relationship between the types of professional development activities teachers participate in and their self-efficacy: a multi-country analysis. European Journal of Teacher Education, 46(1), 67–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2021.1892639
Gusky, T. (2002). Professional Development and Teacher Change. Carfax Publishing: https://tguskey.com/wp-content/uploads/TT-02-Prof-Dev-Tchr-Change.pdf
IGI Global (2025). Years of Teaching. https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/professional-development-of-mathematics-and-science-teachers-in-kenya/120888
Indeed Editorial Team (2025). What Is a Professional Organization? https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/what-is-a-professional-organization
Indeed Editorial Team (2025). What Is Professional Development? Definition and Examples. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/what-is-professional-development
IOWA College of Education (2024). Effective Professional Development for Educators: Strategies for Success. https://onlineprograms.education.uiowa.edu/blog/effective-professional-development-for-educators
Juniper Education (2022). The importance of professional development for teachers. https://junipereducation.org/blog/the-importance-of-professional-development-for-teachers/
Karaiskos, L., Sotiras, M., Antonopoulou, P. & Gdonteli, K. (2024). The impact of training and professional development on physical education teacher self-efficacy. Journal of Physical Education and Sport. DOI:10.7752/jpes.2024.11300
Kurton, M. (2024). Why is Learning Important? A Deep Dive Into the Benefits of Being a Lifelong Learner. https://www.learnerbly.com/articles/why-is-learning-important
Learn Statistics Easily (2025). What is Frequency Count? https://statisticseasily.com/glossario/what-is-frequency-count-data-analysis/
Lerongan, D.S. (2025). Teachers’ Scholastic Achievement Test and Students’ National Achievement Test in English: Basis for Proficiency Training Design. IJRISS: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2025.9020028
Moraña, M. M., Edaño, D., Punzalan, E. (2017). Achievement Test and Academic Performance in Mathematics of Second Year High School Students in the Division Of Zambales, Philippines. International Journal of Development Research. https://www.journalijdr.com/sites/default/files/issue-pdf/7544.pdf
Moret, T. (2024). Why is Professional Development Important? 14 Benefits of PD. https://augment.org/blog/why-is-professional-development-important
Morina, F., Fütterer, T., Hübner, N., Zitzmann, S. & Fischer, C. (2025). Effects of online teacher professional development on teacher-, classroom-, and student-level outcomes: A meta-analysis. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105247
National Association for the Education of Young Children (2025). Principles of Child Development and Learning and Implications That Inform Practice. https://www.naeyc.org/resources/position-statements/dap/principles
National Education Association (2025). Teacher Professional Growth. https://www.nea.org/professional-excellence/professional-learning/teachers
Nelson, G. & Thornburgh, B. (2025). Professional Development That Changed My Teaching and Inspired My Students. https://blog.definedlearning.com/pd-that-changed-my-teaching
Ojastro, N., Banot, V., Ragay, N. & Batucan N. (2025). Academic Performance and National Achievement Test (Nat) Performance in Science and Mathematics. Research Gate Journals: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/388403290_ACADEMIC_PERFORMANCE_AND_NATIONAL_ACHIEVEMENT_TEST_NAT_PERFORMANCE_IN_SCIENCE_AND_MATHEMATICS/citations
Padillo, G.G,. Manguilimotan, R. Capuno, R. & Espina, R. (2021). Professional Development Activities and Teacher Performance. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1328399.pdf
Panda, I. (2025). Descriptive Correlational Design in Research. https://ivypanda.com/essays/descriptive-statistics-and-correlational-design/
Pelta, R. (2023). What Is Professional Development (and Why Does It Matter)? https://www.theforage.com/blog/basics/what-is-professional-development
Perry, E. (2023). 20 examples of development opportunities that can level up your career. https://www.betterup.com/blog/examples-of-development-opportunities
Reyno, R. & Guzman, R. (2025). Factors affecting the performance of students in the national achievement test. Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 3(6), 605–617. https://doi.org/10.69569/jip.2025.255
Sangalang, M. L. & Badillo, E. P. (2017). Analysis of the Factors Affecting the National Achievement Test (Nat) Performance Of Schools in Araling Panlipunan. LCC Research Journal, 12(1).
Schwartz, S. (2023). Teacher Professional Development, Explained. https://www.edweek.org/leadership/teacher-professional-development-explained/2023/07
Skills Common (2020). Learning Resources – Material Types. https://support.skillscommons.org/home/contribute-manage/metadata-and-apprendices/learning-resouce-material-types/
Stand Together (2025). Professional development for teachers: How we can do better. https://standtogether.org/stories/education/professional-development-for-teachers
Stanley, R. (2023). 5 Ways To Make Teacher Professional Development Effective (& 7 Powerful Resources). https://www.prodigygame.com/main-en/blog/teacher-professional-development
Statistics Solutions (2025). Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient: A Comprehensive Overview. https://www.statisticssolutions.com/free-resources/directory-of-statistical-analyses/pearsons-correlation-coefficient/
Tarrayo, V., Hernandez, P. J., & Claustro, J. M. (2021). Research Engagement by English Language Teachers in a Philippine University Insights From a Qualitative Study. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review 21(3):74-85. DOI:10.59588/2350-8329.1387
Team Bonding (2025). Why is Professional Development Important. https://www.teambonding.com/why-is-professional-development-important/
The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (2025). Learning and development. https://www.cipd.org/en/the-people-profession/the-profession-map/explore-the-profession-map/specialist-knowledge/learning-development/
Thomas, L. (2023). Simple Random Sampling | Definition, Steps & Examples. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/simple-random-sampling/#:~:text=Simple%20random%20sampling%20is%20a,possible%20of%20this%20random%20subset
University of Minnesota (2024). 6 Reasons Professional Development Is Important for Career Growth. https://ccaps.umn.edu/story/6-reasons-professional-development-important-career-growth
University of San Diego (2025). 10 Strategies for Effective Teacher Professional Development (with Examples). https://pce.sandiego.edu/10-strategies-for-effective-teacher-professional-development-with-examples/
Upskillist (2025). The importance and benefits of professional development. https://www.upskillist.pro/blog/the-importance-and-benefits-of-professional-development/
Washington, B. (2025). The Importance of Professional Development in the 21st Century. https://www.graduateprogram.org/blog/the-importance-of-professional-development-in-the-21st-century/
