Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Cultivation Using Different Combinations of Agricultural By-Products as Substrates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsair.V2.I1.126Keywords:
Agricultural substrates, Economic efficiency, Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, Sustainable agriculture, Waste utilization, Yield performanceAbstract
This study examined the effects of different agricultural substrate combinations on the growth performance, yield, and economic efficiency of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Anchored on sustainable agriculture and circular economy principles, the research aimed to identify optimal substrate materials for improved productivity and resource utilization. An experimental research design using a single-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments and four replications was employed, involving 560 fruiting bags. Substrates included sawdust, rice straw, corn cobs, corn husk, banana leaves, mungbean pod husk, and coconut husk, supplemented with rice bran. Data were collected through structured observation of growth parameters, yield, health conditions, and cost-benefit analysis, and analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test. Results revealed significant variation in growth and yield across treatments, with sawdust producing the highest yield (2,179.72 g), largest and heaviest mushrooms, and greatest profitability (₱1,252.72 net income; 135.14% ROI), followed by corn cobs as a viable alternative. Substrates such as rice straw, banana leaves, and coconut husk showed lower productivity and economic returns. Minimal disease incidence and appropriate environmental conditions supported successful cultivation, while social findings indicated widespread adoption but limited use of diversified substrates and growth enhancers, with lack of knowledge identified as a primary challenge. The study concludes that substrate composition is a critical factor in optimizing biological efficiency and profitability, recommending sawdust as the primary substrate and corn cobs as an alternative, alongside improved training and support for farmers. The study supports Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), by promoting efficient food production and agricultural waste utilization. It contributes to environmental and socio-economic sustainability by enhancing resource efficiency, reducing agricultural waste, and improving livelihood opportunities in local farming communities.
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